nkhani

Choyeretsera chimatchedwanso chonyowetsa ndi chogawaniza. Kumbali imodzi, chimakhala ndi mphamvu yonyowetsa, kumbali ina, mbali imodzi ya gulu lake logwira ntchito imatha kumizidwa pamwamba pa utoto wophwanyidwa kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndipo mbali inayo imasungunuka mu zinthu zoyambira kuti ipange gawo lonyowetsa (magulu onyowetsa kwambiri, unyolo ukakhala wautali, gawo lonyowetsa limakhuthala) kuti lipange mphamvu yobweza (utoto wochokera m'madzi) kapena entropy repulsion (utoto wochokera ku zosungunulira), kotero kuti tinthu ta utoto tikhoza kufalikira ndikuyimitsidwa mu utoto kwa nthawi yayitali kuti tipewe kugwedezeka kachiwiri. Izi zimatsimikizira kukhazikika kwa dongosolo la utoto.
 
Mitundu ya dispersants yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
1. Anionic wetting ndi dispersing agent
Ambiri mwa iwo amapangidwa ndi unyolo wa hydrocarbon wosakhazikika, womwe uli ndi mphamvu yoipa komanso gulu la polar hydrophilic. Magulu awiriwa ali kumapeto awiri a molekyulu, ndikupanga kapangidwe ka molekyulu kosagwirizana ndi hydrophilic ndi oleophilic. Mitundu yake ndi iyi: sodium oleate C17H33COONa, carboxylate, sulfate (RO-SO3Na), sulfonate (R-SO3Na), ndi zina zotero. Kugwirizana kwa anionic dispersants ndikwabwino, ndipo ma polycarboxylic acid polymers, ndi zina zotero, angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pazophimba zochokera ku solvent ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati zofalitsa zamtundu wa flocculation.

2. Cationic wetting ndi dispersing agent
Ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi osati polar base, makamaka amine salts, quaternary amine salts, pyridinium salts, ndi zina zotero. Ma cationic surfactants ali ndi mphamvu yowonjezereka yoyamwa madzi ndipo ali ndi mphamvu yofalikira bwino pa carbon black, ma iron oxides osiyanasiyana ndi ma organic pigments, koma ziyenera kudziwika kuti amachita zinthu mogwirizana ndi gulu la carboxyl lomwe lili m'munsi mwake, komanso dziwani kuti sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi ndi anionic dispersants.

3. Hyperdispersant yolamulidwa ndi ma free radicals
Chachiwiri, udindo wa dispersant
1. Konzani kuwala kowala ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yoyezera.
2. Pewani mtundu woyandama ndi maluwa.
3. Sinthani mphamvu ya utoto.
4. Chepetsani kukhuthala ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa utoto.
5. Chepetsani kugwedezeka, onjezerani kukhazikika komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta.
6. Pewani kuzizira ndikuwonjezera kukhazikika kwa malo osungira.
7. Wonjezerani kufalikira kwa mitundu ndi kukhuta kwa mitundu.
8. Wonjezerani kuwonekera bwino kapena mphamvu yophimba.
9. Kuwongolera bwino ntchito yopera ndikuchepetsa ndalama zopangira.
10. Kuletsa kukhazikika.