nkhani

Ntchito ya chonyowetsa ndi kupanga zinthu zolimba zonyowetsedwa mosavuta ndi madzi.Pochepetsa kugwedezeka kwake pamwamba kapena kukangana kwapakati, madzi amatha kufalikira pamwamba pa zinthu zolimba kapena kulowa pamwamba, kuti anyowetse zinthu zolimba.

Chonyowetsa ndi surfactant yomwe imatha kupanga zinthu zolimba kuti zinyowetsidwe mosavuta ndi madzi pochepetsa mphamvu zake zapamtunda.Wonyowetsa ndi ma surfactants, omwe amapangidwa ndi magulu a hydrophilic ndi lipophilic.Mukakumana ndi olimba pamwamba, gulu la lipophilic limamangiriza pamtunda wolimba, ndipo gulu la hydrophilic limatuluka kunja kwamadzimadzi, kotero kuti madziwo amapanga gawo lopitirira pamtunda wolimba, womwe ndi mfundo yaikulu ya kunyowa.

Wonyowetsa, yemwenso amadziwika kuti penetrant, amatha kupanga zinthu zolimba kuti zinyowetsidwe mosavuta ndi madzi.Zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwamphamvu kwapamtunda kapena kukangana kwapakati, kotero kuti madzi amatha kufalikira pamwamba pa zinthu zolimba kapena kulowa pamwamba pake kuti anyowetse.Digiri yonyowa imayesedwa ndi ngodya yonyowa (kapena ngodya yolumikizira).Kuchepa kwa ngodya yonyowa, m'pamenenso madziwo amanyowetsa malo olimba.Zosakaniza zamadzimadzi ndi zolimba zonyowetsa ndizosiyananso.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nsalu, kusindikiza ndi utoto, kupanga mapepala, kuwotcha ndi mafakitale ena.Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonzekera latex, monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi mercerizing agent, ndipo nthawi zina monga emulsifier, dispersant kapena stabilizer.Wetting wothandizila ntchito photosensitive chuma makampani amafuna mkulu chiyero ndi wapadera kupanga bungwe.